Begin by mixing warm water and brown sugar in a bowl of a stand mixer. Sprinkle instant yeast on top and let it sit until it becomes foamy, about 5 minutes. This step is crucial for activating the yeast.
Add both types of flour, salt, and softened butter to the bowl. Start mixing with a dough hook attachment on low speed until everything is combined.Then, add the sourdough discard and mix on medium speed until the dough becomes smooth, which should take about 10-15 minutes. If you prefer to knead by hand, work the dough by pulling, folding, and pushing it with the heel of your hand for at least 10 minutes, aiming for a smooth texture.
If the dough feels too sticky or too dry, adjust its consistency by adding flour or water, one tablespoon at a time. Perform the "window-pane test" by stretching a small piece of dough; it should form a thin, translucent membrane without tearing when it's ready.
Shape the dough into a ball and place it in a greased bowl, covering it with plastic wrap. Let it undergo bulk fermentation at room temperature for 60-90 minutes, until it doubles in size.
Preheat your oven to 450°F (232°C). Line two half-sheet trays with parchment paper. In a large pot, bring 10 cups of water to a boil and dissolve baking soda and brown sugar.
On a clean surface, divide the risen dough into 8 equal pieces.Roll each part into a 24-inch (60cm) rope. Form each rope into a circle, twist the ends together, and fold them down to create a pretzel shape. Place formed pretzels on the prepared baking sheet to rise for another hour.
Boil each pretzel for 1 minute on each side, ensuring they float. If they don't float immediately, let the remaining pretzels rise a bit longer before boiling. Use a slotted spoon to transfer boiled pretzels back to the baking sheets.
Brush the pretzels with egg wash and sprinkle with coarse salt as desired. This will give them a shiny finish and a flavorful crust.
Bake in the preheated oven for about 17 minutes, or until they turn golden brown. The baking soda bath will create a dark, shiny crust characteristic of traditional pretzels. Allow them to cool on a wire rack before enjoying.
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Notes
Brush the egg wash lightly on the pretzels to avoid thick spots; too much can mess up the taste and look of the crust. A thin, even coat makes the pretzels shiny and tasty.
Make sure your instant dry yeast is active by looking for foam after mixing it with warm water. This ensures your pretzels will rise.
Proper kneading ensures your pretzels are chewy and light. Go for a smooth, elastic dough, whether by stand mixer or hand.
Don't skip or rush the boiling step. Each pretzel should float and boil for 1 minute per side for that classic pretzel texture, or you'll end up with pretzel-shaped bread, not actual pretzels.